Results for 'Probabilistic Logics in Quantum Computation'

974 found
Order:
  1.  22
    Hector freytes, Antonio ledda, Giuseppe sergioli and.Roberto Giuntini & Probabilistic Logics in Quantum Computation - 2013 - In Hanne Andersen, Dennis Dieks, Wenceslao J. Gonzalez, Thomas Uebel & Gregory Wheeler, New Challenges to Philosophy of Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 49.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  2.  50
    Quantum Computation and Logic: How Quantum Computers Have Inspired Logical Investigations.Giuseppe Sergioli, Roberto Leporini, Roberto Giuntini & Maria Dalla Chiara - 2018 - Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
    This book provides a general survey of the main concepts, questions and results that have been developed in the recent interactions between quantum information, quantum computation and logic. Divided into 10 chapters, the books starts with an introduction of the main concepts of the quantum-theoretic formalism used in quantum information. It then gives a synthetic presentation of the main “mathematical characters” of the quantum computational game: qubits, quregisters, mixtures of quregisters, quantum logical gates. (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  3.  34
    Fast quantum algorithms for handling probabilistic and interval uncertainty.Vladik Kreinovich & Luc Longpré - 2004 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 50 (4-5):405-416.
    In many real-life situations, we are interested in the value of a physical quantity y that is difficult or impossible to measure directly. To estimate y, we find some easier-to-measure quantities x1, … , xn which are related to y by a known relation y = f. Measurements are never 100% accurate; hence, the measured values equation image are different from xi, and the resulting estimate equation image is different from the desired value y = f. How different can it (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  4.  6
    Probabilistic Logics and Probabilistic Networks.Rolf Haenni, Jan-Willem Romeijn, Gregory Wheeler & Jon Williamson - 2011 - .
    While probabilistic logics in principle might be applied to solve a range of problems, in practice they are rarely applied --- perhaps because they seem disparate, complicated, and computationally intractable. This programmatic book argues that several approaches to probabilistic logic fit into a simple unifying framework in which logically complex evidence is used to associate probability intervals or probabilities with sentences. Specifically, Part I shows that there is a natural way to present a question posed in (...) logic, and that various inferential procedures provide semantics for that question, while Part II shows that there is the potential to develop computationally feasible methods to mesh with this framework. The book is intended for researchers in philosophy, logic, computer science and statistics. A familiarity with mathematical concepts and notation is presumed, but no advanced knowledge of logic or probability theory is required. (shrink)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  5.  45
    Quantum computational logic with mixed states.Hector Freytes & Graciela Domenech - 2013 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 59 (1-2):27-50.
    In this paper we solve the problem how to axiomatize a system of quantum computational gates known as the Poincaré irreversible quantum computational system. A Hilbert-style calculus is introduced obtaining a strong completeness theorem.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  6.  45
    Probabilistic Logic and Probabilistic Networks. Haenni, R., Romeijn, J.-W., Wheeler, G. & Williamson, J. - unknown
    While in principle probabilistic logics might be applied to solve a range of problems, in practice they are rarely applied at present. This is perhaps because they seem disparate, complicated, and computationally intractable. However, we shall argue in this programmatic paper that several approaches to probabilistic logic into a simple unifying framework: logically complex evidence can be used to associate probability intervals or probabilities with sentences.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   29 citations  
  7.  98
    Hybrid probabilistic logic programs as residuated logic programs.Carlos Damásio & Luís Pereira - 2002 - Studia Logica 72 (1):113 - 138.
    In this paper we show the embedding of Hybrid Probabilistic Logic Programs into the rather general framework of Residuated Logic Programs, where the main results of (definite) logic programming are validly extrapolated, namely the extension of the immediate consequences operator of van Emden and Kowalski. The importance of this result is that for the first time a framework encompassing several quite distinct logic programming semantics is described, namely Generalized Annotated Logic Programs, Fuzzy Logic Programming, Hybrid Probabilistic Logic Programs, (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  8.  74
    Measurement-Based Quantum Computation and Undecidable Logic.Maarten Van den Nest & Hans J. Briegel - 2008 - Foundations of Physics 38 (5):448-457.
    We establish a connection between measurement-based quantum computation and the field of mathematical logic. We show that the computational power of an important class of quantum states called graph states, representing resources for measurement-based quantum computation, is reflected in the expressive power of (classical) formal logic languages defined on the underlying mathematical graphs. In particular, we show that for all graph state resources which can yield a computational speed-up with respect to classical computation, the (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  9.  55
    Jesuit Probabilistic Logic between Scholastic and Academic Philosophy.Miroslav Hanke - 2019 - History and Philosophy of Logic 40 (4):355-373.
    There is a well-documented paradigm-shift in eighteenth century Jesuit philosophy and science, at the very least in Central Europe: traditional scholastic version(s) of Aristotelianism were replaced by early modern rationalism (Wolff's systematisation of Leibnizian philosophy) and early modern science and mathematics. In the field of probability, this meant that the traditional Jesuit engagement with probability, uncertainty, and truthlikeness (in particular, as applied to moral theology) could translate into mathematical language, and can be analysed against the background of the accounts of (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  10.  17
    (1 other version)Trapped ion quantum computing and the principles of logic.Alfredo Pereira Jr & Roberson Polli - 2005 - Manuscrito 28 (2):559-573.
    An experimental realization of quantum computers is composed of two or more calcium ions trapped in a magnetic quadripole. Information is transferred to and read from the ions by means of structured lasers that interact with the ions’ vibration pattern, causing changes of energy distribution in their electronic structure. Departing from an initial state when the ions are cooled, the use of lasers modifies the internal state of one ion that is entangled with the others, then changing the collective (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  11. Quantum Computing’s Classical Problem, Classical Computing’s Quantum Problem.Rodney Van Meter - 2014 - Foundations of Physics 44 (8):819-828.
    Tasked with the challenge to build better and better computers, quantum computing and classical computing face the same conundrum: the success of classical computing systems. Small quantum computing systems have been demonstrated, and intermediate-scale systems are on the horizon, capable of calculating numeric results or simulating physical systems far beyond what humans can do by hand. However, to be commercially viable, they must surpass what our wildly successful, highly advanced classical computers can already do. At the same time, (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  12. The probabilistic argument for a non-classical logic of quantum mechanics.Patrick Suppes - 1966 - Philosophy of Science 33 (1/2):14-21.
    The aim of this paper is to state the single most powerful argument for use of a non-classical logic in quantum mechanics. In outline the argument is the following. The working logic of a science is the logic of the events and propositions to which probabilities are assigned. A probability should be assigned to every element of the algebra of events. In the case of quantum mechanics probabilities may be assigned to events but not, without restriction, to the (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   20 citations  
  13. A quantum computer only needs one universe.A. M. Steane - 2003 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 34 (3):469-478.
    The nature of quantum computation is discussed. It is argued that, in terms of the amount of information manipulated in a given time, quantum and classical computation are equally efficient. Quantum superposition does not permit quantum computers to ''perform many computations simultaneously'' except in a highly qualified and to some extent misleading sense. Quantum computation is therefore not well described by interpretations of quantum mechanics which invoke the concept of vast numbers (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   18 citations  
  14.  37
    Theory of Quantum Computation and Philosophy of Mathematics. Part II.Krzysztof Wójtowicz - 2019 - Logic and Logical Philosophy 28 (1):173-193.
    In the article, the philosophical significance of quantum computation theory for philosophy of mathematics is discussed. In particular, I examine the notion of “quantum-assisted proof” (QAP); the discussion sheds light on the problem of the nature of mathematical proof; the potential empirical aspects of mathematics and the realism-antirealism debate (in the context of the indispensability argument). I present a quasi-empiricist account of QAP’s, and discuss the possible impact on the discussions centered around the Enhanced Indispensabity Argument (EIA).
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  15.  37
    Quantum computation and the untenability of a “No fundamental mentality” constraint on physicalism.Christopher Devlin Brown - 2022 - Synthese 201 (1):1-18.
    Though there is yet no consensus on the right way to understand ‘physicalism’, most philosophers agree that, regardless of whatever else is required, physicalism cannot be true if there exists fundamental mentality. I will follow Jessica Wilson (Philosophical Studies 131:61–99, 2006) in calling this the 'No Fundamental Mentality' (NFM) constraint on physicalism. Unfortunately for those who wish to constrain physicalism in this way, NFM admits of a counterexample: an artificially intelligent quantum computer which employs quantum properties as part (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  16.  21
    Probabilistic Entailment and a Non-Probabilistic Logic.Kevin Knight - 2003 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 11 (3):353-365.
    In this paper we present a probabilistic notion of entailment for finite sets of premises, which has classical entailment as a special case, and show that it is well defined; i.e., that the problem of whether a sentence is entailed by a set of premises is computable. Further we present a natural deductive system and prove that it is the strongest deductive system possible without referring to probabilities.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  17. On the (Im)possibility of Scalable Quantum Computing.Andrew Knight - manuscript
    The potential for scalable quantum computing depends on the viability of fault tolerance and quantum error correction, by which the entropy of environmental noise is removed during a quantum computation to maintain the physical reversibility of the computer’s logical qubits. However, the theory underlying quantum error correction applies a linguistic double standard to the words “noise” and “measurement” by treating environmental interactions during a quantum computation as inherently reversible, and environmental interactions at the (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  18.  56
    Connexive Logic, Probabilistic Default Reasoning, and Compound Conditionals.Niki Pfeifer & Giuseppe Sanfilippo - 2024 - Studia Logica 112 (1):167-206.
    We present two approaches to investigate the validity of connexive principles and related formulas and properties within coherence-based probability logic. Connexive logic emerged from the intuition that conditionals of the formif not-A,thenA, should not hold, since the conditional’s antecedentnot-Acontradicts its consequentA. Our approaches cover this intuition by observing that the only coherent probability assessment on the conditional eventAA{A| \overline{A}}A|A¯isp(AA)=0{p(A| \overline{A})=0}p(A|A¯)=0. In the first approach we investigate connexive principles within coherence-based probabilistic default reasoning, by interpreting defaults and negated defaults in (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  19.  63
    Theory of quantum computation and philosophy of mathematics. Part I.Krzysztof Wójtowicz - 2009 - Logic and Logical Philosophy 18 (3-4):313-332.
    The aim of this paper is to present some basic notions of the theory of quantum computing and to compare them with the basic notions of the classical theory of computation. I am convinced, that the results of quantum computation theory (QCT) are not only interesting in themselves, but also should be taken into account in discussions concerning the nature of mathematical knowledge. The philosophical discussion will however be postponed to another paper. QCT seems not to (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  20. Probabilistic coherence, logical consistency, and Bayesian learning: Neural language models as epistemic agents.Gregor Betz & Kyle Richardson - 2023 - PLoS ONE 18 (2).
    It is argued that suitably trained neural language models exhibit key properties of epistemic agency: they hold probabilistically coherent and logically consistent degrees of belief, which they can rationally revise in the face of novel evidence. To this purpose, we conduct computational experiments with rankers: T5 models [Raffel et al. 2020] that are pretrained on carefully designed synthetic corpora. Moreover, we introduce a procedure for eliciting a model’s degrees of belief, and define numerical metrics that measure the extent to which (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  21. The Completeness: From Henkin's Proposition to Quantum Computer.Vasil Penchev - 2018 - Логико-Философские Штудии 16 (1-2):134-135.
    The paper addresses Leon Hen.kin's proposition as a " lighthouse", which can elucidate a vast territory of knowledge uniformly: logic, set theory, information theory, and quantum mechanics: Two strategies to infinity are equally relevant for it is as universal and t hus complete as open and thus incomplete. Henkin's, Godel's, Robert Jeroslow's, and Hartley Rogers' proposition are reformulated so that both completeness and incompleteness to be unified and thus reduced as a joint property of infinity and of all infinite (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  22.  18
    Consistency of Quantum Computation and the Equivalence Principle.Marcin Nowakowski - 2024 - Foundations of Science 29 (4):1021-1028.
    The equivalence principle, being one of the building blocks of general relativity, seems to be crucial for analysis of quantum effects in gravity. In this paper we consider the relation between the equivalence principle and the consistency of quantum information processing in gravitational field. We propose an analysis with a looped evolution consisting of steps both in the gravitational field and in the accelerated reference frame. We show that without the equivalence principle the looped quantum evolution cannot (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23.  13
    Probabilistic Semantics and Calculi for Multi-valued and Paraconsistent Logics.Jaime Ramos, João Rasga & Cristina Sernadas - forthcoming - Studia Logica:1-35.
    We show how to obtain a probabilistic semantics and calculus for a logic presented by a valuation specification. By identifying general forms of valuation constraints we are able to accommodate a wide class of propositional based logics encompassing multi-valued logics like Łukasiewicz 3-valued logic and the Belnap–Dunn four-valued logic as well as paraconsistent logics like mbC{\textsf{mbC}} and LFI1{\textsf{LFI1}}. The probabilistic calculus is automatically generated from the valuation specification. Although not having explicit probability constructors in the (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24.  30
    The Weirdness Theorem and the Origin of Quantum Paradoxes.Alessio Benavoli, Alessandro Facchini & Marco Zaffalon - 2021 - Foundations of Physics 51 (5):1-39.
    We argue that there is a simple, unique, reason for all quantum paradoxes, and that such a reason is not uniquely related to quantum theory. It is rather a mathematical question that arises at the intersection of logic, probability, and computation. We give our ‘weirdness theorem’ that characterises the conditions under which the weirdness will show up. It shows that whenever logic has bounds due to the algorithmic nature of its tasks, then weirdness arises in the special (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  25.  35
    Probabilistic logic of quantum observations.A. Sernadas, J. Rasga, C. Sernadas, L. Alcácer & A. B. Henriques - 2019 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 27 (3):328-370.
    A probabilistic propositional logic, endowed with a constructor for asserting compatibility of diagonalisable and bounded observables, is presented and illustrated for reasoning about the random results of projective measurements made on a given quantum state. Simultaneous measurements are assumed to imply that the underlying observables are compatible. A sound and weakly complete axiomatisation is provided relying on the decidable first-order theory of real closed ordered fields. The proposed logic is proved to be a conservative extension of classical propositional (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26. Surmounting the Cartesian Cut Through Philosophy, Physics, Logic, Cybernetics, and Geometry: Self-reference, Torsion, the Klein Bottle, the Time Operator, Multivalued Logics and Quantum Mechanics. [REVIEW]Diego L. Rapoport - 2011 - Foundations of Physics 41 (1):33-76.
    In this transdisciplinary article which stems from philosophical considerations (that depart from phenomenology—after Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger and Rosen—and Hegelian dialectics), we develop a conception based on topological (the Moebius surface and the Klein bottle) and geometrical considerations (based on torsion and non-orientability of manifolds), and multivalued logics which we develop into a unified world conception that surmounts the Cartesian cut and Aristotelian logic. The role of torsion appears in a self-referential construction of space and time, which will be further related (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  27. From logic to physics: How the meaning of computation changed over time.Itamar Pitowsky - unknown
    The intuition guiding the de…nition of computation has shifted over time, a process that is re‡ected in the changing formulations of the Church-Turing thesis. The theory of computation began with logic and gradually moved to the capacity of …nite automata. Consequently, modern computer models rely on general physical principles, with quantum computers representing the extreme case. The paper discusses this development, and the challenges to the Church-Turing thesis in its physical form, in particular, Kieu’s quantum computer (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  28.  29
    Algebraic Structures Formalizing the Logic of Quantum Mechanics Incorporating Time Dimension.Ivan Chajda & Helmut Länger - forthcoming - Studia Logica:1-19.
    As Classical Propositional Logic finds its algebraic counterpart in Boolean algebras, the logic of Quantum Mechanics, as outlined within G. Birkhoff and J. von Neumann’s approach to Quantum Theory (Birkhoff and von Neumann in Ann Math 37:823–843, 1936) [see also (Husimi in I Proc Phys-Math Soc Japan 19:766–789, 1937)] finds its algebraic alter ego in orthomodular lattices. However, this logic does not incorporate time dimension although it is apparent that the propositions occurring in the logic of Quantum (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  29.  46
    On Relation Between Linear Temporal Logic and Quantum Finite Automata.Amandeep Singh Bhatia & Ajay Kumar - 2020 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 29 (2):109-120.
    Linear temporal logic is a widely used method for verification of model checking and expressing the system specifications. The relationship between theory of automata and logic had a great influence in the computer science. Investigation of the relationship between quantum finite automata and linear temporal logic is a natural goal. In this paper, we present a construction of quantum finite automata on finite words from linear-time temporal logic formulas. Further, the relation between quantum finite automata and linear (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  30.  37
    Samson Abramsky on Logic and Structure in Computer Science and Beyond.Alessandra Palmigiano & Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh (eds.) - 2023 - Springer Verlag.
    Samson Abramsky’s wide-ranging contributions to logical and structural aspects of Computer Science have had a major influence on the field. This book is a rich collection of papers, inspired by and extending Abramsky’s work. It contains both survey material and new results, organised around six major themes: domains and duality, game semantics, contextuality and quantum computation, comonads and descriptive complexity, categorical and logical semantics, and probabilistic computation. These relate to different stages and aspects of Abramsky’s work, (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  31.  36
    The fuzzy logic of chaos and probabilistic inference.I. Antoniou & Z. Suchanecki - 1997 - Foundations of Physics 27 (3):333-362.
    The logic of a physical system consists of the elementary observables of the system. We show that for chaotic systems the logic is not any more the classical Boolean lattice but a kind of fuzzy logic which we characterize for a class of chaotic maps. Among other interesting properties the fuzzy logic of chaos does not allow for infinite combinations of propositions. This fact reflects the instability of dynamics and it is shared also by quantum systems with diagonal singularity. (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  32.  2
    Algebraic Structures Formalizing the Logic of Quantum Mechanics Incorporating Time Dimension.Ivan Chajda & Helmut Länger - 2025 - Studia Logica 113 (1):163-181.
    As Classical Propositional Logic finds its algebraic counterpart in Boolean algebras, the logic of Quantum Mechanics, as outlined within G. Birkhoff and J. von Neumann’s approach to Quantum Theory (Birkhoff and von Neumann in Ann Math 37:823–843, 1936) [see also (Husimi in I Proc Phys-Math Soc Japan 19:766–789, 1937)] finds its algebraic alter ego in orthomodular lattices. However, this logic does not incorporate time dimension although it is apparent that the propositions occurring in the logic of Quantum (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  33.  22
    Quantum Physics, Digital Computers, and Life from a Holistic Perspective.George F. R. Ellis - 2024 - Foundations of Physics 54 (4):1-29.
    Quantum physics is a linear theory, so it is somewhat puzzling that it can underlie very complex systems such as digital computers and life. This paper investigates how this is possible. Physically, such complex systems are necessarily modular hierarchical structures, with a number of key features. Firstly, they cannot be described by a single wave function: only local wave functions can exist, rather than a single wave function for a living cell, a cat, or a brain. Secondly, the (...) to classical transition is characterised by contextual wave-function collapse shaped by macroscopic elements that can be described classically. Thirdly, downward causation occurs in the physical hierarchy in two key ways: by the downward influence of time dependent constraints, and by creation, modification, or deletion of lower level elements. Fourthly, there are also logical modular hierarchical structures supported by the physical ones, such as algorithms and computer programs, They are able to support arbitrary logical operations, which can influence physical outcomes as in computer aided design and 3-d printing. Finally, complex systems are necessarily open systems, with heat baths playing a key role in their dynamics and providing local arrows of time that agree with the cosmological direction of time that is established by the evolution of the universe. (shrink)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  34.  60
    From probabilistic topologies to Feynman diagrams: Hans Reichenbach on time, genidentity, and quantum physics.Michael Stöltzner - 2022 - Synthese 200 (4):1-26.
    Hans Reichenbach’s posthumous book The Direction of Time ends somewhere between Socratic aporia and historical irony. Prompted by Feynman’s diagrammatic formulation of quantum electrodynamics, Reichenbach eventually abandoned the delicate balancing between the macroscopic foundation of the direction of time and microscopic descriptions of time order undertaken throughout the previous chapters in favor of an exclusively macroscopic theory that he had vehemently rejected in the 1920s. I analyze Reichenbach’s reasoning against the backdrop of the history of Feynman diagrams and the (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  35. Probabilistic semantics for epistemic modals: Normality assumptions, conditional epistemic spaces and the strength of must and might.Guillermo Del Pinal - 2021 - Linguistics and Philosophy 45 (4):985-1026.
    The epistemic modal auxiliaries must and might are vehicles for expressing the force with which a proposition follows from some body of evidence or information. Standard approaches model these operators using quantificational modal logic, but probabilistic approaches are becoming increasingly influential. According to a traditional view, must is a maximally strong epistemic operator and might is a bare possibility one. A competing account—popular amongst proponents of a probabilisitic turn—says that, given a body of evidence, must \ entails that \\) (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  36.  49
    Quantum Team Logic and Bell’s Inequalities.Tapani Hyttinen, Gianluca Paolini & Jouko Väänänen - 2015 - Review of Symbolic Logic 8 (4):722-742.
    A logical approach to Bell's Inequalities of quantum mechanics has been introduced by Abramsky and Hardy [2]. We point out that the logical Bell's Inequalities of [2] are provable in the probability logic of Fagin, Halpern and Megiddo [4]. Since it is now considered empirically established that quantum mechanics violates Bell's Inequalities, we introduce a modified probability logic, that we call quantum team logic, in which Bell's Inequalities are not provable, and prove a Completeness Theorem for this (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  37.  28
    Martin Davis on Computability, Computational Logic, and Mathematical Foundations.Alberto Policriti & Eugenio Omodeo (eds.) - 2016 - Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
    This book presents a set of historical recollections on the work of Martin Davis and his role in advancing our understanding of the connections between logic, computing, and unsolvability. The individual contributions touch on most of the core aspects of Davis’ work and set it in a contemporary context. They analyse, discuss and develop many of the ideas and concepts that Davis put forward, including such issues as contemporary satisfiability solvers, essential unification, quantum computing and generalisations of Hilbert’s tenth (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  38. Qualitative probabilistic inference under varied entropy levels.Paul D. Thorn & Gerhard Schurz - 2016 - Journal of Applied Logic 19 (2):87-101.
    In previous work, we studied four well known systems of qualitative probabilistic inference, and presented data from computer simulations in an attempt to illustrate the performance of the systems. These simulations evaluated the four systems in terms of their tendency to license inference to accurate and informative conclusions, given incomplete information about a randomly selected probability distribution. In our earlier work, the procedure used in generating the unknown probability distribution (representing the true stochastic state of the world) tended to (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  39.  10
    Computer Science Logic: 11th International Workshop, CSL'97, Annual Conference of the EACSL, Aarhus, Denmark, August 23-29, 1997, Selected Papers.M. Nielsen, Wolfgang Thomas & European Association for Computer Science Logic - 1998 - Springer Verlag.
    This book constitutes the strictly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Computer Science Logic, CSL '97, held as the 1997 Annual Conference of the European Association on Computer Science Logic, EACSL, in Aarhus, Denmark, in August 1997. The volume presents 26 revised full papers selected after two rounds of refereeing from initially 92 submissions; also included are four invited papers. The book addresses all current aspects of computer science logics and its applications and thus presents the (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  40. Random Predicate Logic I: A Probabilistic Approach to Vagueness.William A. Dembski - unknown
    Predicates are supposed to slice reality neatly in two halves, one for which the predicate holds, the other for which it fails. Yet far from being razors, predicates tend to be dull knives that mangle reality. If reality is a tomato and predicates are knives, then when these knives divide the tomato, plenty of mush remains unaccounted for. Of course some knives are sharper than others, just as some predicates are less vague than others. “x is water” is certainly sharper (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  41.  38
    Approximation to measurable functions and its relation to probabilistic computation.Ker-I. Ko - 1986 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 30 (2):173-200.
    A theory of approximation to measurable sets and measurable functions based on the concepts of recursion theory and discrete complexity theory is developed. The approximation method uses a model of oracle Turing machines, and so the computational complexity may be defined in a natural way. This complexity measure may be viewed as a formulation of the average-case complexity of real functions—in contrast to the more restrictive worst-case complexity. The relationship between these two complexity measures is further studied and compared with (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  42. The New Quantum Logic.Robert B. Griffiths - 2014 - Foundations of Physics 44 (6):610-640.
    It is shown how all the major conceptual difficulties of standard (textbook) quantum mechanics, including the two measurement problems and the (supposed) nonlocality that conflicts with special relativity, are resolved in the consistent or decoherent histories interpretation of quantum mechanics by using a modified form of quantum logic to discuss quantum properties (subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space), and treating quantum time development as a stochastic process. The histories approach in turn gives rise to (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  43. Info-computational Constructivism and Quantum Field Theory.G. Basti - 2014 - Constructivist Foundations 9 (2):242-244.
    Open peer commentary on the article “Info-computational Constructivism and Cognition” by Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic. Upshot: Dodig-Crnkovic’s “info-computational constructivism” (IC), as an essential part of a constructivist approach, needs integration with the logical, mathematical and physical evidence coming from quantum field theory (QFT) as the fundamental physics of the emergence of “complex systems” in all realms of natural sciences.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  44. A General Non-Probabilistic Theory of Inductive Reasoning.Wolfgang Spohn - 1990 - In R. D. Shachter, T. S. Levitt, J. Lemmer & L. N. Kanal, Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 4. Elsevier.
    Probability theory, epistemically interpreted, provides an excellent, if not the best available account of inductive reasoning. This is so because there are general and definite rules for the change of subjective probabilities through information or experience; induction and belief change are one and same topic, after all. The most basic of these rules is simply to conditionalize with respect to the information received; and there are similar and more general rules. 1 Hence, a fundamental reason for the epistemological success of (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   46 citations  
  45.  31
    Quantum Interaction - 10th International Conference, QI2016. Lecture Notes on Computer Science.J. A. de Barros, B. Coecke & E. Pothos (eds.) - 2017 - Springer International Publishing.
    This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Quantum Interaction, QI 2016, held in San Francisco, CA, USA, in July 2016. The 21 papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions. The papers address topics such as: Fundamentals; Quantum Cognition; Language and Applications; Contextuality and Foundations of Probability; and Quantum-Like Measurements.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  46. The criterion for time symmetry of probabilistic theories and the reversibility of quantum mechanics.Andrew Thomas Holster - 2003 - New Journal of Physics 5 (130).
    Physicists routinely claim that the fundamental laws of physics are 'time symmetric' or 'time reversal invariant' or 'reversible'. In particular, it is claimed that the theory of quantum mechanics is time symmetric. But it is shown in this paper that the orthodox analysis suffers from a fatal conceptual error, because the logical criterion for judging the time symmetry of probabilistic theories has been incorrectly formulated. The correct criterion requires symmetry between future-directed laws and past-directed laws. This criterion is (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  47. Logic, probability, and quantum theory.Arthur I. Fine - 1968 - Philosophy of Science 35 (2):101-111.
    The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a probabilistic framework that is adequate for the formulation of quantum theory and faithful to its applications. Contrary to claims, which are examined and rebutted, that quantum theory employs a nonclassical probability theory based on a nonclassical "logic," the probabilistic framework set out here is entirely classical and the "logic" used is Boolean. The framework consists of a set of states and a set of quantities that (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  48.  28
    Probability Logics for Reasoning About Quantum Observations.Angelina Ilić Stepić, Zoran Ognjanović & Aleksandar Perović - 2023 - Logica Universalis 17 (2):175-219.
    In this paper we present two families of probability logics (denoted _QLP_ and QLPORTQLP^{ORT} ) suitable for reasoning about quantum observations. Assume that α\alpha means “O = a”. The notion of measuring of an observable _O_ can be expressed using formulas of the form α\square \lozenge \alpha which intuitively means “if we measure _O_ we obtain α\alpha ”. In that way, instead of non-distributive structures (i.e., non-distributive lattices), it is possible to relay on classical logic (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  49. Algebraic structures of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, or neutrosophic multisets. Volume I.Florentin Smarandache, Xiaohong Zhang & Mumtaz Ali - 2018 - Basel, Switzerland: MDPI. Edited by Florentin Smarandache, Xiaohong Zhang & Mumtaz Ali.
    The topics approached in the 52 papers included in this book are: neutrosophic sets; neutrosophic logic; generalized neutrosophic set; neutrosophic rough set; multigranulation neutrosophic rough set (MNRS); neutrosophic cubic sets; triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs); probabilistic single-valued (interval) neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set; neutro-homomorphism; neutrosophic computation; quantum computation; neutrosophic association rule; data mining; big data; oracle Turing machines; recursive enumerability; oracle computation; interval number; dependent degree; possibility degree; power aggregation operators; multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM); expert set; (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  50. Algebraic structures of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, or neutrosophic multisets. Volume II.Florentin Smarandache, Xiaohong Zhang & Mumtaz Ali - 2019 - Basel, Switzerland: MDPI.
    The topics approached in this collection of papers are: neutrosophic sets; neutrosophic logic; generalized neutrosophic set; neutrosophic rough set; multigranulation neutrosophic rough set (MNRS); neutrosophic cubic sets; triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs); probabilistic single-valued (interval) neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set; neutro-homomorphism; neutrosophic computation; quantum computation; neutrosophic association rule; data mining; big data; oracle Turing machines; recursive enumerability; oracle computation; interval number; dependent degree; possibility degree; power aggregation operators; multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM); expert set; soft sets; LA-semihypergroups; (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
1 — 50 / 974